Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ęzykъ

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

    Etymology tree

    Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s


    Proto-Balto-Slavic *inźūˀ

    Proto-Balto-Slavic *-kas


    Proto-Balto-Slavic *inźū́ˀkas


    Proto-Slavic *ęzykъ

    From Early Proto-Slavic *inzū́˙kas,[1] from Proto-Balto-Slavic *inźūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s. By surface analysis, **ęzy +‎ *-kъ.

    Noun[edit]

    *ęzỳkъ m[2][3]

    1. tongue
      *dь̀lgъ ęzỳkъ ― big mouth, long-tongued
      *zъlъ ęzỳkъ ― wicked tongue, carping tongue
      *ęzỳci ogňì, *ęzỳci pòlmene ― tongues of fire
      *dьržati ęzỳkъ za zǫby ― keep one's lips sealed, hold one's tongue
      *mèlti ęzỳkъmь ― to expatiate, to spout, to rant (to speak tediously and at length)
    2. language

    Inflection[edit]

    Declension of *ęzỳkъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *ęzỳkъ *ęzỳka *ęzỳci
    genitive *ęzỳka *ęzỳku *ęzỳkъ
    dative *ęzỳku *ęzỳkoma *ęzỳkomъ
    accusative *ęzỳkъ *ęzỳka *ęzỳky
    instrumental *ęzỳkъmь, *ęzỳkomь* *ęzỳkoma *ęzỳkȳ
    locative *ęzỳcě *ęzỳku *ęzỳcě̄xъ
    vocative *ęzỳče *ęzỳka *ęzỳci
    * -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

    Derived terms[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Further reading[edit]

    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “язык”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “язык”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 467
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*ęzykъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 74
    • Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1991), “ęzykъ”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 6 (e! – ěždžь), Wrocław: Ossolineum, →ISBN

    References[edit]

    1. ^ Klotz, Emanuel (2017) “inzū̱˙ku”, in Urslawisches Wörterbuch [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in German), 1st edition, Wien: Facultas, →ISBN, page 118
    2. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ęzỳkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 159: “m. o (a) ‘tongue, language’”
    3. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “językъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 187; PR 132)”
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